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Generic drugs, also known as generic medicines or nonproprietary drugs, are pharmaceutical products that have the same active ingredients as their brand-name counterparts. They become available for sale after the patent protection of the original brand-name drug has expired. Although they share the same active ingredient, generic drugs may differ in manufacturing processes, dosage forms, excipients, color, taste, and packaging. The name of the active ingredient in generic drugs is referred to as the generic name, often designated by the International Nonproprietary Name (INN). To ensure their efficacy and safety, generic drugs must undergo bioequivalence testing to demonstrate that they have the same pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties as the brand-name drug. The availability of generic drugs usually leads to a significant drop in drug prices due to their lower production costs and increased market competition. Regulations in many countries oversee the production and sale of generic drugs. India is among the world's largest producers of generic drugs, with the United States and the European Union being major export markets. In recent years, biosimilars, a specific type of generic drug, have also gained attention; they share nearly identical active ingredients with biological drugs but have slight differences in their components.